Gluteus Tendon Injuries

Gluteus medius tendinopathy involves degeneration or inflammation of the tendon of the gluteus medius muscle, which is responsible for stabilizing the hip joint and facilitating hip abduction. It often occurs due to repetitive stress or overuse, such as activities involving running, jumping, or sudden changes in direction. Poor biomechanics, muscle imbalances, and hip joint abnormalities can also contribute to its development.

The condition typically presents with lateral hip pain and tenderness over the greater trochanter, aggravated by activities that engage the gluteus medius tendon, like walking or climbing stairs.

Gluteus maximus tendinopathy involves damage or irritation to the tendon of the gluteus maximus muscle, the largest muscle in the buttocks responsible for hip extension and external rotation. It is often caused by repetitive movements that strain the tendon, such as running uphill, squatting, or activities involving excessive hip flexion. Poor biomechanics, muscular imbalances, and inadequate warm-up or stretching routines can exacerbate the condition.

Symptoms typically include posterior hip or buttock pain, worsened during activities that engage the gluteus maximus tendon, like rising from a seated position or climbing stairs.

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is characterized by pain and tenderness over the greater trochanter, the bony prominence on the outside of the hip. It often results from repetitive friction between the gluteus tendons and the greater trochanter, leading to inflammation and microtrauma. Causes include overuse or repetitive activities such as running, cycling, or prolonged sitting. Additionally, biomechanical abnormalities, muscle weakness, and hip joint pathology can contribute to its development.

Symptoms may include lateral hip pain aggravated by activities like walking, lying on the affected side, or climbing stairs, often accompanied by reduced hip mobility and functional impairment.