Patellar Tendonitis

Patellar tendonitis typically presents with pain and tenderness around the patellar tendon, just below the kneecap. This discomfort is often exacerbated by activities that involve jumping, running, or squatting. Swelling and stiffness may also be present, particularly after periods of activity or upon waking in the morning. In some cases, individuals may notice a grating sensation or hear a popping sound in the knee during movement.

The development of patellar tendonitis is closely linked to repetitive stress on the patellar tendon, which can occur due to various factors. Overuse of the knee joint, such as participating in sports that involve frequent jumping or sudden changes in direction, is a common cause. Poor biomechanics, muscle imbalances, tightness in the quadriceps or hamstrings, and inadequate warm-up or stretching routines can also contribute to the development of this condition.

Diagnosing patellar tendonitis typically involves a thorough physical examination and assessment of medical history. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI may be recommended to visualize the extent of tendon damage and rule out other potential causes of knee pain. During the physical exam, the doctor may palpate the tendon for tenderness and swelling and assess the knee's range of motion and strength.

Treatment for patellar tendonitis focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, promoting healing, and addressing underlying risk factors. Initial management often includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE therapy) to alleviate symptoms. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to reduce pain and swelling. Physical therapy is crucial for strengthening the muscles around the knee, improving flexibility, and correcting biomechanical issues. In severe cases or when conservative measures fail to provide relief, procedures such as corticosteroid injections or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections may be considered to promote tissue healing. Surgery is rarely needed and is usually reserved for cases of severe tendon damage or failure to respond to conservative treatment.